by Fa) is fluoride adsorbed onto enamel mineral crystallites. Fluoride works primarily via topical mechanisms which include (1) inhibition of demineralization at the crystal surfaces inside the tooth, (2) enhancement of remineralization at the crystal surfaces (the resulting remineralized layer is very resistant to acid … This paper discusses loosely bound fluoride and its role in dental caries and prevention.

This leads to the conclusion that a major part of fluoride present in the solid enamel is not active in prevention. MI Varnish containing CPP‐ACP and fluoride exhibited the highest fluoride and calcium ion release and produced the greatest inhibition of demineralization. It is suggested that calcium fluoride is an essential phase explaining important aspects of the mechanism of topically applied fluoride, contrary to what was assumed in the past.

Such a reduction is likely to contribute to caries prevention.

Acid production and acid tolerance along with exopolysaccharide (EPS) formation are major virulence factors of S. mutans biofilm.

These novel varnishes may have potential as part of a preventive regimen to lower caries risk. It has been demonstrated that fluoride exerts this inhibitory action through its interference with uptake and degradation of polysaccharides by the bacterial cell, and also by reducing the ability of the cell to maintain pH homeostasis (Hamilton, 1990). In contrast, daily applications of fluoride resulted in a reduction of the acidogenicity of dental plaque even 8-12 h after the treatment. Fluoride neurotoxicity is associated with mitochondrial disruption. Several recent studies indicate that a high total level of fluoride in enamel does not guarantee protection against caries. Fluoride works primarily via topical mechanisms which include (1) inhibition of demineralization at the crystal surfaces inside the tooth, (2) enhancement of remineralization at the crystal surfaces (the resulting remineralized layer is very resistant to acid … It appears likely that the formation of calcium fluoride from topical application agents should be increased and not … This paper discusses loosely bound fluoride and its role in dental caries and prevention. Normally, the fluoride released from calcium fluoride during caries challenges is subsequently built into hydroxyfluorapatite through dissolution/re-precipitation reactions. Recent clinical and laboratory evidence has suggested that systemic fluoride plays a more minor role in caries inhibition than was previously believed. Mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics is crucial to maintain functional mitochondria, yet little is known about how fluoride perturbs this dynamics and whether such perturbation contributes to impaired neurodevelopment.



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